Pilgrimages are social and religious
phenomena about an image or invocation
of popular character that is at
the rural hermitages. The majority
of these hermitages were constructed
in the 8th century, next to rural
farmhouses.
The people's protection and that
of harvests are expected in these
religious acts in exchange for rituals
and promises of the gathered. The
majority of these pilgrimages are
celebrated from the December 8th,
the day of the Immaculate Conception,
to the February 2nd, festivity of
Candlemas.
In pilgrimages, together with the
religious acts, the dances of bid
or ‘subastaos’ take
place. These dances are realized
in honour of the patron or the patroness
of the place. These dances are organized
by the persons in charge of the
party that take care of getting
alms through the bids of these dances,
where it is paid for dancing 'parrandas'
and electing couple. They dedicate
these benefits to the improvement
of the hermitages. And, some of
them to defray the expenses of the
organization.
In pilgrimages, the congregated
people worship to their relatives
by means of the songs of ‘Pascua’.
They are allusive ballads to a relative
that they order the dash to the
'cuadrilla', during the procession's
journey:
Your father will be feeling
It is your consolation that to pray,
And he follows you protecting
From the kingdom of heaven.
During the pilgrimage another popular
manifestations take place: The auction
of the bier of the thrones where
the virgins and saints are carried
in procession for the surroundings
the hermitages. We can also notice
the shot of salvos of gunpowder,
the songs of Christmas Carols in
front of the images, the dances
of 'parrandas' and 'seguidillas',
'jotas' and 'fandangos' or the traditional
games and the raffles of pies.
We can stand out the following
pilgrimages:
The January 17th
San Anton’s festivity, at
'El Pradico', Parrilla Deputation.
The villagers announce the beginning
of the party pilgrim firing shots
of old blunderbusses from the hermitage's
atrium. The Eucharistic celebration
is brightened up with the 'tonadas
of mass' or ballads with which each
of the events are initiated.
The day February 2nd
take place at 'La Hoya'
a pilgrimage by reason
of the festivity of Candlemas and
in honour of this deputation's patroness,
the Virgin of Health. It has to
do with a party charged of activities,
but the one related to the climb
in pilgrimage of the virgin to her
hermitage highlights. They celebrate
the traditional dances of 'parrandas'
and 'Malagueñas' by means
of bids that they interpret in front
of the throne of the Virgin, in
the stops that are sold off on the
way over between the parish church
and the hermitage placed at the
place of Health. The 'Cuadrillas'
songs, the holy mass, the trovo's
soiree, the raffle of pies and of
basket or the food at the field
are also interesting to mention.
This day is also celebrated a
pilgrimage in Santa Gertrudis, at
Marchena Deputation.
The day before, the 'Tortada de
la Virgen’, a region's sweet
typical cake, is taken from the
city. The public carry it in a journey
previously established previous
petition and donation of the neighbours
that desire that you drive by your
house's door on the eve of this
celebration. The pie is raffled
after the procession.
The Three Wise Men' Play
The January 6th
in the festivity of Epiphany, The
Three Wise Men's play is celebrated.
It has to do with a staging with
reminiscences of the classical theatre
and influences of the sacred medieval
one. Formerly it was represented
in the deputations of Torrealvilla,
Puntarrón, Campillo, la Culebrina,
Marchena and Zarzadilla de Totana,
but at present it is only celebrated
in the last one.
The texts of the performances
belong to the libretto Jesucristo's
infancy, by Gaspar Fernández
and Ávila , 1894. It is a
book of poems divided in twelve
scenes, with verses of different
metrics. The argument is based on
Epiphany Magicians to baby Jesus
and the whole village takes part
in this staging.
They completed these performances
with the folkloric musical
legacy like the parades,
the Christmas bonuses and the ballads
of popular dances interpreted by
the 'Cuadrillas of souls
or ‘Pascua’.
Carnival
Before going into Lent, during
the month of February, the Carnival
is celebrated with the participation
of associations of neighbours and
other groups.
Activities:
- presentation of the program of
events and nomination of the Queen
of the Carnival, of the Muse and
of the Momo.
- Great Carnaval's parade through
the streets of the city.
- Infantile parade, infantile contest
of disguises and nomination of the
Infantile Queen of the Carnival.
- Performance of Masquerades and
jokes at the Theatre Guerra and
Dinner of Carnival.
Holy Week
During the Holy Week the processions
and the biblical passional parades
are celebrated. Characters from
the Old and New Testament parade
on foot, on horseback or on allegorical
carriages, attired with dresses
and tunics embroidered in silk and
gold.
The Holy Week of Lorca was declared
National Tourist Interest
Feast in 1980. The Biblical
Festivals started in 1855, when
a group of 30 people paraded for
the first time in order to celebrate
the day when Jesus entered Jerusalem.
This scene is also known as ‘the
Hebrew People’. This festival
was organised by the Honourable
society of our Lady of the Rosary,
known as White Brotherhood. One
year later, the society of Farm
workers, also known as the Blue
Brotherhood, set the first group
base in the Old Testament called
‘Street of Bitterness’.
This cultural and religious phenomenon
has evolutioned in the course of
time, but it is during the 20th
century when a great transformation
takes place: Groups become more
numerous, the horses and carriages
are incorporated, and the suits
are manufactured with satins and
velvets embroidered in silk, gold
and precious stones.
During these days Lorca splits
into white and blue
people. But there are other brotherhoods
participating to give contents and
symbolism to this Holy Week: Purples,
Red, black and Resuscitated brotherhoods.
Corpus Christi
It is a religious feast
that is celebrated from the Middle
Ages and in which the Town
Council and the ecclesiastic officer
took place. In the 16th century,
songs and dances were carried out
in front of the altars and triumphal
arches in the procession of the
Corpus.
It is celebrated with a High Mass
and a so-called 'the Procession
of the Corpus'. We carry a throne
with custody which is accompanied
by the municipal corporation, that
take the Real banner, and by all
the children and the girls who that
year have received the first communion.
This procession's journey starts
up at San Patricio's Ex-Abbacy,
and it goes through the streets
of Selgas, Alfonso X, Corredera
and Alamo to finish at Spain Square.
Night of Saint John
In the vigil of Saint John on the
23rd of June, the bonfires are suspended
at streets and squares of the rural
zones. Formerly, these bonfires
were a cult to the fire to drive
away evil spirits and an exorcism
to preserve harvests. This party
that was agreeing with summer solstice
was at a later time Christianized.
From this festival the traditions
of the quest of treasures at the
Castle, the jump of the bonfire
of weeds, the story of legends,
the exorcism to the ruptured, and
the washed of the face in the disappeared
Gold fountain have gone away. But,
some legends like the one belonging
to the Raft
of The Moorish Queen
have kept in good conditions.
Festivities in honour to the Virgin
of the Orchards or ‘Small Fair’
The 8th of September
we commemorate the patroness saint
day ‘Santa María
the Real of the Orchards' festivity,
patroness of the city from
the 19th century. Its dedication
remounts to 1244 when the prince
Alfonso brought her. Its celebration
focuses on its sanctuary, agreeing
with the fair of its name than from
the 18th century takes place in
this place.
It is important to mention the
different events that are celebrated
such as the Folklore's International
Festivity, the holy mass, the procession,
the serenade highlight the Virgin,
the contest of crumbs, the sports
acts, the board games, the concerts,
the movies of summer or the fireworks.
September Fair or ‘Big Fair’
It is celebrated during the last
fifteen days of September,
at the fair enclosure Huerto
de la Rueda and it lingers
on during 10 days.
The attractions of fair and the
popular open air drinks stalls are
installed at this enclosure. In
this space, the musical concerts
also take place and the fair in
the daytime offers to you
as a gift tasting of typical food.
We also highlight the cultural,
sports and folkloric activities
like the theatre of street, the
marathon of tales, Folklore's International
Festivity, and so on.
Patron Saint Feast Day ‘San Clemente’
The 23rd November
we commemorate Saint Cemente's festivity,
the patron of the city. As the story
goes, the reconquest of the city
is commemorated and for this reason
we go up to the castle. It is also
a tradition to buy chestnuts and
walnuts.
This party is also named Festivity
of Moors and Christians
and it has been named Regional Interest
Tourist Feast. It is celebrated
the Lorca's reconquest with the
creation of Moorish Kabyles and
Christian crews that parade and
simulate the epic legends of the
Middle Ages.
From all the acts that take place
we would like to mention the Medieval
souk, the medieval infantile games,
the parade of ambassadors, Moors
and Christians, the proclamation,
the medieval dinner, a great parade
of Moors and Christians, the act
of capitulation, the mass for peace,
the climbing with torches and awake
night at the camp or the 'battle'
at the castle.
Christmas
At Christmas time, the 'Cuadrillas
movement' has a great force and
tradition in Lorca and its district.
On Sunday before Christmas' Day,
they fill the streets and squares
of the municipality of Lorca with
their songs and classical instruments,
and with the traditional ' Pascuas
lorquinas'.
Activities:
- Christmas concerts
- library on the street
- encounter of 'cuadrillas'
- infantile theatre
- carols on the streets
- route of the nativity scenes
- great infantile party
- performance of 'Auto of Reyes
Magos'
- Twelfth Night procession